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An Introduction to the Repo Markets, 3rd Edition by Moorad Choudhry
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    Description of An Introduction to the Repo Markets, 3rd Edition

    The Repo markets have grown dramatically in the past few years because of the need to hedge short positions in the capital and derivatives markets. Virtually all major currency markets in the world now have an established repo market, the facility is also increasingly being used in developing currency markets as well.

    This book is a practical introduction that focuses on the instruments, applications and risk management techniques essential for this rapidly evolving market. Fully updated to reflect the changes in these markets, the book also includes worked examples and case studies, and new sections on basket and structured finance repo.

    Contents of An Introduction to the Repo Markets, 3rd Edition

    Foreword
    Preface
    Preface to First Edition
    About the author

    1. INTRODUCTION TO REPO

    Importance of repo
    Market participants
    The repo instrument
    Characteristics of repo
    Classic repo
    Summary
    The sell/buy-back
    Stock lending
    Other repo products
    Tri-party repo
    Hold in custody repo
    Safe-keeping repo
    Borrow/Loan versus cash
    Bonds borrowed/collateral pledged
    Cross-currency repo
    Exotic repo structures
    Selected references

    2. MARKET BACKGROUND

    Discounting and present value
    Compounding
    Discounting
    Compounding more than once a year
    Internal rate of return
    Money market instruments
    Securities quoted on a yield basis
    Securities quoted on a discount basis
    Money market formulae
    Overview of bond market instruments
    Definition of a bond
    Fair pricing of bonds and bond yield
    The yield curve
    Theories of the yield curve
    Bond price/yield relationship
    Accrued interest
    Accrual conventions
    Selected references

    3. THE MECHANICS OF REPO

    Uses and economic functions
    Funding positions
    Covering short positions
    Yield enhancement
    Margin
    Initial margin
    Variation margin
    Other repo mechanics
    Repo dealing risks
    Interdependent risks
    Financial market risks
    Dealing with risk
    Selected reference

    4. BASKET REPO, SYNTHETIC REPO AND STRUCTURED FINANCE REPO

    Basket repo
    Illustration of basket repo trade: Malaysian Government securities
    Illustration using structured finance securities
    Synthetic repo via the total return swap
    Structured funding vehicles: repo conduit
    Securities repo conduit
    Selected reference

    5. THE UK GILT REPO MARKET

    Introduction
    Growth of market
    Gilt repo and other sterling money markets
    Impact on the gilt market
    Market structure
    Repo and stock lending
    Market participants: market making in repo
    Market participants: brokers
    Market participants: end-users
    Gilt repo and the yield curve
    Impact of the yield curve
    Hedging through repo
    Patterns of trading
    Maturities
    Specials
    Gilts settlement and CREST
    CREST settlement
    CREST reference prices
    Delivery by value
    Gilt repo code of best practice
    Selected references

    6. OVERVIEW OF REPO TRADING AND THE FUTURES CONTRACT IMPLIED REPO RATE

    Trading approaches
    Positive yield curve environment
    Negative yield curve environment
    Yield curve arbitrage
    Other spread trades
    Specials trading
    Credit intermediation
    Matched book trading
    Hedging tools
    Futures strip
    Forward rate agreements
    Interest-rate swaps
    The implied repo rate and basis trading
    Contract definition
    Conversion factors
    The cheapest-to-deliver bond
    The implied repo rate
    Hedging implications
    Selected references

    7. REPO AND THE YIELD CURVE

    Zero-coupon rates
    Discount factors and the discount function
    Spot and forward rates: boot-strapping from the par yield curve
    Spot rates and boot-strapping
    Implied spot and forward rates
    The Relationship between par, zero and forward rates
    Exercises and calculations
    Forward rates: breakeven principle
    Examples
    Forward rates and compounding
    Forward pricing and repo
    Selected references

    8. THE GLOBAL MASTER REPURCHASE AGREEMENT

    TBMA/ICMA Agreement
    The Global Master Repurchase Agreement
    Scope
    Structure
    Key principles
    Title transfer
    Master netting agreement
    Margin maintenance
    Negotiation of the GMRA
    Margin maintenance
    Failure to deliver
    Condition precedent
    Set-off
    Automatic early termination
    Product- and counterparty-specific amendments and additional annexes
    Gilt Repo Legal Agreement
    Select references

    9. ACCOUNTING, TAX AND REGULATORY CAPITAL ISSUES IN REPO

    Accounting, tax and capital issues
    Accounting
    Taxation
    Capital treatment
    Capital Adequacy Directive
    CAD treatment for repo
    Balance sheet implications
    The Basel II Framework
    Basel II Framework

    Exercises
    Answers to exercises

    Case study: ABC Bank plc

    Glossary

    Appendix A Duration
    Appendix B Basis Trading and the CTD Bond
    Appendix C Volatility

    Abbreviations
    Index

    About Moorad Choudhry

    Dr Moorad Choudhry is Head of Treasury at KBC Financial Products in London. He is a Visiting Professor at the Department of Economics, London Metropolitan University, a Visiting Research Fellow at the ICMA Centre, University of Reading, a Senior Fellow at the Centre for Mathematical Trading and Finance, Cass Business School, and a Fellow of the Securities and Investment Institute.

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